{"id":3189,"date":"2022-01-24T10:57:00","date_gmt":"2022-01-24T10:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost:10034\/?p=3189"},"modified":"2025-10-24T11:02:30","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T11:02:30","slug":"solnechnye-paneli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.avafin.lv\/ru\/blog\/solnechnye-paneli","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043b\u0438: \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Saules pane\u013ci k\u013c\u016bst arvien popul\u0101r\u0101ki, \u012bpa\u0161i \u0161obr\u012bd, kad j\u016btams elektroener\u0123ijas cenu k\u0101pums. K\u0101 nor\u0101da solenergo.lv<\/a>, \u201cstarojums, ko sa\u0146em Zemes virsma, t\u016bksto\u0161iem rei\u017eu p\u0101rsniedz ener\u0123ijas piepras\u012bjumu pasaul\u0113\u201d. Turkl\u0101t \u0161\u0101da ener\u0123ijas ra\u017eo\u0161ana ir nekait\u012bga videi, jo nerada emisijas un atkritumus, t\u0101 ir neizsme\u013cama un bezmaksas, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c saules pane\u013ci var k\u013c\u016bt par \u013coti labu invest\u012bciju.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160aj\u0101 rakst\u0101 past\u0101st\u012bsim vair\u0101k par to, kas ir saules pane\u013ci, k\u0101 tie tiek uzst\u0101d\u012bti, k\u0101di ir to veidi un citu noder\u012bgu inform\u0101ciju, lai ar\u012b J\u016bs var\u0113tu izv\u0113rt\u0113t to nepiecie\u0161am\u012bbu un izdev\u012bgumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kas ir saules baterija un k\u0101 t\u0101 str\u0101d\u0101?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Saules baterija ir mikro\u0123enerators saules ener\u0123ijas tie\u0161ai p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161anai elektroener\u0123ij\u0101. T\u0101 galvenok\u0101rt sast\u0101v no sil\u012bcija fotoelementiem, kas b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ir lielas pusvad\u012bt\u0101ju diodes. Bateriju jauda ir atkar\u012bga no to izm\u0113ra, bet vid\u0113ji viena saules bateriju pane\u013ca jauda sv\u0101rst\u0101s no 150-300W.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Visbie\u017e\u0101k tiek uzst\u0101d\u012bti saules mikro\u0123eneratori jeb saules fotovoltu pane\u013cu ar jaudu l\u012bdz 11,1 kW. Savuk\u0101rt, lai uzst\u0101d\u012btu iek\u0101rtu ar liel\u0101ku jaudu, nepiecie\u0161ama Ekonomikas ministrijas at\u013cauja. Vair\u0101k lasiet noteikumos<\/a>. Bet m\u0101jsaimniec\u012bb\u0101m liel\u0101ka iek\u0101rta reti b\u016bs nepiecie\u0161ama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saules baterijas novieto uz \u0113ku jumtiem, fas\u0101d\u0113m vai zemes. Savuk\u0101rt \u0113kas iek\u0161pus\u0113 uzst\u0101da str\u0101vas p\u0101rveidot\u0101ju jeb invertoru, kas ir k\u0101 vad\u012bbas un kontroles iek\u0101rta, kas saules baterijas sara\u017eoto l\u012bdzstr\u0101vu p\u0101rveido mai\u0146str\u0101v\u0101, lai to var\u0113tu izmantot pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jam izmantojam\u0101 ener\u0123ijas form\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saules pane\u013cu darb\u012bbu lietot\u0101js var redz\u0113t re\u0101laj\u0101 laik\u0101, proti, varat redz\u0113t to elektr\u012bbas jaudu, ko inventors taj\u0101 br\u012bd\u012b sara\u017eo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Saules bateriju sist\u0113mu veidi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"saules<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Lai sa\u0146emtu ener\u0123iju no saules, bez \u0161aub\u0101m ir nepiecie\u0161ama dienas gaisma, bet, lai sa\u0146emtu elektroener\u0123iju ar\u012b vakar\u0101 un nakt\u012b, ir j\u0101padom\u0101 par saules bateriju sist\u0113mu, kuru izv\u0113l\u0113ties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ir divu veidu saules bateriju sist\u0113mas \u2013 autonom\u0101 sist\u0113ma un kombin\u0113t\u0101 sist\u0113ma:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Autonom\u0101 sist\u0113ma darbojas patst\u0101v\u012bgi un nav saist\u012bta ar citu ener\u0123ijas avotu. \u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 elektroener\u0123iju m\u0101jokl\u012b piln\u012bb\u0101 nodro\u0161ina saules pane\u013ci, un ir piln\u012bga neatkar\u012bba no, piem\u0113ram, elektropieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja, jo t\u0101ds vienk\u0101r\u0161i nav nepiecie\u0161ams. Dienas laik\u0101 sara\u017eot\u0101 ener\u0123ija tiek gan pat\u0113r\u0113ta vajadz\u012bgajam, gan ar\u012b uzkr\u0101ta akumulator\u0101, lai to var\u0113tu izmantot, piem\u0113ram, vakara stund\u0101s, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di nodro\u0161inot, ka elektr\u012bba m\u0101jokl\u012b ir visu laiku. Ta\u010du j\u0101r\u0113\u0137in\u0101s, ka akumulators ir d\u0101rgs, maks\u0101jot teju tikpat, cik pa\u0161i saules pane\u013ci un to uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana, un lielai da\u013cai m\u0101jsaimniec\u012bbu \u0161\u0101da sist\u0113ma neb\u016bs izdev\u012bga.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Kombin\u0113t\u0101 sist\u0113ma, savuk\u0101rt, noz\u012bm\u0113, ka saules pane\u013cus izmantojat k\u0101 pamata ener\u0123ijas avotu dienas laik\u0101, bet, kad tas nepiecie\u0161ams (kad tr\u016bkst saules), varat p\u0101rsl\u0113gties uz citu avotu, kas sauli aizst\u0101j. Lai ar\u012b kombin\u0113t\u0101 sist\u0113ma izklaus\u0101s visai sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta, t\u0101 paties\u012bb\u0101 nav. \u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 nav akumulatora, kur\u0101 uzkr\u0101tos pa dienu sara\u017eot\u0101 elektroener\u0123ija, t\u0101d\u0113\u013c, lai elektr\u012bbu sa\u0146emtu ar\u012b nakts stund\u0101s, nepiecie\u0161ama piesl\u0113g\u0161an\u0101s centr\u0101lajam elektroener\u0123ijas t\u012bklam. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka katru m\u0113nesi turpin\u0101siet sa\u0146emt elektr\u012bbas r\u0113\u0137inu, ta\u010du tas b\u016bs daudz maz\u0101ks, jo elektr\u012bbu no t\u012bkla izmantosiet tikai vakara stund\u0101s, un vakar\u0101 elektr\u012bbas bir\u017eas cenas ir zem\u0101kas nek\u0101 pa dienu. T\u0101pat, pateicoties Latvij\u0101 ieviestajai NETO uzskaitei, da\u013cu J\u016bsu saules pane\u013cu pa dienu sara\u017eot\u0101s un neizmantot\u0101s ener\u0123ijas var\u0113siet pat p\u0101rdot (par bir\u017eas cen\u0101m), t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di v\u0113l vair\u0101k samazinot elektr\u012bbas r\u0113\u0137inu. Galu gal\u0101 m\u0113ne\u0161a beig\u0101s elektr\u012bbas r\u0113\u0137ins, piem\u0113ram, vasar\u0101, var b\u016bt vien da\u017ei eiro.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Vai pievienoties kop\u0113jam t\u012bklam vai izmantot akumulatoru?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    Ja Jums ir liels elektr\u012bbas pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161 gai\u0161aj\u0101 dienas laik\u0101 un \u012bpa\u0161i vasar\u0101, tad visu sara\u017eoto elektr\u012bbu var\u0113siet izmantot pa\u0161pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0101, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di sedzot citk\u0101rt eso\u0161o elektr\u012bbas r\u0113\u0137inu. Tom\u0113r, ja elektr\u012bbas pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161 dienas laik\u0101 ir sal\u012bdzino\u0161i mazs, tad varat izmantot Latvij\u0101 ieviesto NETO uzskaiti. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka var\u0113siet atdot da\u013cu sara\u017eot\u0101s elektr\u012bbas kop\u0113j\u0101 elektroener\u0123ijas sist\u0113m\u0101, p\u0101rdodot par t\u0101 br\u012b\u017ea aktu\u0101lo tirgus cenu, un laik\u0101, kad tas b\u016bs nepiecie\u0161ams, piem\u0113ram, nakt\u012b vai ziem\u0101, to atkal \u0146emt no t\u012bkla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n

    Ja izv\u0113l\u0113sieties pievienoties kop\u0113jam t\u012bklam, tad, uzst\u0101dot saules pane\u013cus, AS \u201cSadales t\u012bkls\u201d Jums uzliks skait\u012bt\u0101ju, kas uzskait\u012bs gan no t\u012bkla sa\u0146emto, gan ar\u012b t\u012bkl\u0101 nodoto ener\u0123iju. \u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 bez pievad\u012bt\u0101 AS \u201cSadales t\u012bkls\u201d sprieguma, saules baterijas atsevi\u0161\u0137i nedarbosies. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113, ka nevar\u0113siet iesl\u0113gt gaismu nakt\u012b, ja p\u0113k\u0161\u0146i b\u016bsiet p\u0101rtraucis sadarb\u012bbu ar \u201cSadales t\u012bklu\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    Lai saules baterijas darbotos atsevi\u0161\u0137i, Jums j\u0101izmanto akumul\u0101cijas iek\u0101rtas, kas, k\u0101 jau min\u0113ts, ir papildu izdevumi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Kam piem\u0113roti saules pane\u013ci un kad tie atmaks\u0101sies?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Saules pane\u013ci b\u016bs \u012bpa\u0161i piem\u0113roti un atmaks\u0101sies, ja ir liel\u0101ks elektroener\u0123ijas pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161, \u012bpa\u0161i dienas laik\u0101. Piem\u0113ram, ja sav\u0101 priv\u0101tm\u0101j\u0101 pa dienu darbojaties gar\u0101\u017e\u0101, elektriskaj\u0101 kr\u0101sn\u012b gatavojat \u0113dienu vai dar\u0101t ko citu, kam vajadz\u012bga elektr\u012bba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Savuk\u0101rt, ja elektr\u012bbu izmantojat vien vakar\u0101, j\u0101izv\u0113rt\u0113, vai no saules pane\u013ciem b\u016bs j\u0113ga. Saules baterijas bie\u017ei vien uzst\u0101da, jo t\u0101 ir iesp\u0113ja i<\/a><\/strong>etaup\u012bt uz elektr\u012bbas r\u0113\u0137ina<\/strong><\/a>, l\u012bdz ar to invest\u012bcijas atmaks\u0101jas, bet, ja bateriju sara\u017eoto ener\u0123iju neviens nepat\u0113r\u0113, tad ar\u012b nav kam atmaks\u0101ties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ja izv\u0113laties par labu saules baterij\u0101m, un izv\u0113laties kombin\u0113to sist\u0113mu, kad saules pane\u013cu sara\u017eoto ener\u0123iju nododat kop\u0113j\u0101 t\u012bkl\u0101, tad tas atmaks\u0101sies aptuveni 25 gadu laik\u0101<\/a>, savuk\u0101rt, ja ener\u0123iju efekt\u012bvi izmantosiet sav\u0101m vajadz\u012bb\u0101m (dienas laik\u0101), tad saules bateriju uzst\u0101d\u012b\u0161ana atmaks\u0101sies \u0101tr\u0101k, aptuveni 7 gadu laik\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ieguvumi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n

    17% Latvijas iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju tuv\u0101ko gadu laik\u0101 apsver sav\u0101 m\u0101jsaimniec\u012bb\u0101 uzst\u0101d\u012bt saules pane\u013cus (mikro\u0123eneratorus), lai ra\u017eotu elektroener\u0123iju pa\u0161pat\u0113ri\u0146am, liecina AS \u201cSadales t\u012bkls\u201d sadarb\u012bb\u0101 ar p\u0113t\u012bjumu centru \u201cKantas\u201d veikt\u0101s aptaujas dati<\/a>. Savuk\u0101rt 2% aptauj\u0101to nor\u0101d\u012bju\u0161i, ka saules pane\u013cus sav\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161um\u0101 jau ir uzst\u0101d\u012bju\u0161i.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    Vairums aptauj\u0101to atzina, ka uzst\u0101d\u012bt saules pane\u013cus rosina iesp\u0113ja ietaup\u012bt ilgtermi\u0146\u0101, bet katrs otrais min\u0113ja, ka \u0161\u0101di v\u0113las sevi pasarg\u0101t no nepl\u0101notiem elektroener\u0123ijas cenas l\u0113cieniem br\u012bvaj\u0101 tirg\u016b. T\u0101pat izskan\u0113ja t\u0101di iemesli, k\u0101 r\u016bpes par vidi un ie\u0161ana l\u012bdzi laikam. Un \u0161ie visi ir lieliski saules pane\u013cu izmanto\u0161anas ieguvumi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Apkopojot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n